Secrets And The Collapse Of The Maya Essay - 926 Words

Secrets Locked in Stone Maya scholars debated for decades over the fate of the Maya. Recent evidence from an unlikely source, points a sustained drought in the 9th and 10th Centuries. Stalagmites and Stone Carvings Offer Clues on the Collapse of the Maya Civilization Circa 900 A.D., the Maya world fell apart. How could an ancient Meso American civilization flourish for hundreds of years only to fade into the forest? That riddle has perplexed scholars ever since 19th century explorers John Stephens and Frederick Catherwood first stumbled upon moldering ruins to discover lost cities, vine-covered temples and an infrastructure worthy of a small kingdom. Although the full extent of what befell Maya cities like Tikal and Copan, on the Yucatan-Peten Peninsula in present day Mexico and Central America, remains a mystery. Research points a change in long-term weather patterns brought about their decline. Part of a growing body of evidence, popularized by academics like Jared Diamond that a prolonged drought preceded by abundant rainfall had turned prosperous Maya city-states into desolate ghost towns. A Cave Yield’s Clues New studies have shed new light on this phenomenon. According to a paper published in Science magazine, between 820 and 870 A.D., the Maya received 40 percent less rainfall than in prior decades. Scientists surmise that the lack of rainfall tore at the social fabric of the Maya civilization. The findings are based on the research ofShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Maya s The Maya 942 Words   |  4 PagesMaya Secrets Locked in Stone Maya scholars debated for decades over the fate of the Maya. Recent evidence from an unlikely source, points a sustained drought in the 9th and 10th Centuries. Stalagmites and Stone Carvings Offer Clues on the Collapse of the Maya Civilization Circa 900 A.D., the Maya world fell apart. How could an ancient Meso American civilization flourish for hundreds of years only to fade into the forest? That riddle has perplexed scholars ever since 19th century explorersRead MoreMaya Civilization Collapse1311 Words   |  6 PagesThe example of societal collapse in which I will be making reference to throughout this essay is the Maya civilization. The Maya civilization is, â€Å"probably the best known of all early American civilizations.† (Fagan, 1995) It was at its strongest point between AD 300 AND 900. Around AD 900 was the time of its collapse. This civilization was developed in a densely, tropical forest on either highlands or lowlands. Today to visit a Mayan site, people would go to the modern Mexican state, capital cityRead MoreThe Aztecs Werelocated In Mexico, Built On A Series Of1180 Words   |  5 Pageseducation and pharmacology. The Aztec empire was one of the first to require mandatory education for its children. The Maya are an indigenous people of Mexico and Central America who have continuously inhabited the lands comprising modern-day Yucatà ¡n, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Tabasco, and Chiapas in Mexico and southward through Guatemala,Belize, El Salvador and Honduras. Maya of Yucatan and Guatemala exhibited a cultural continuity spanning more than 2,000 years (1000 BC-AD 1542), and many aspectsRead MoreCollapse, By Jared Diamond1697 Words   |  7 Pages In his book Collapse, Jared Diamond gives you an in depth look at societies you may or may not be familiar with and shows you the secrets to their success or failure using his personal 5-point framework. I enjoyed this book and thought he made a lot of good points and had convincing evidence to back it up. While reading you could really tell he knew a lot about the areas he discussed because of the depth he went into with details and descriptions. One complaint I would have about the book is theRead MoreResearch Paper on Maya Civilization4670 Words   |  19 PagesResearch Paper on Mayan Civilization The Maya Introduction All remnants of the distant past are romantic, but ancient Maya civilization has a special fascination. It is a lost civilization, whose secrets lie deep in the mysterious tropical forest. The style of Maya architecture and sculpture seems alien and bizarre. The breathtaking splendor of ornate cites, the beautifully constructed grand temples, and the ingeniously developed and advanced caledretics, mathematics, and astronomy easily markRead MoreFractal Time4430 Words   |  18 PagesFRACTAL TIME (ESSAY) Introduction In his book, first published in 2009, Fractal Time: The Secret of 2012 and a New World Age’, Gregg Braden gave wonderful clues into what we would expect to occur in our world and universe by the year 2012. Though years have passed since the first publication of the book, the information in the book remains relevant to us today. Gregg labours to elaborate how it is possible to read the past in order to discover what the future holds for us in our world andRead MoreFractal Time4424 Words   |  18 PagesFRACTAL TIME (ESSAY) Introduction In his book, first published in 2009, Fractal Time: The Secret of 2012 and a New World Age’, Gregg Braden gave wonderful clues into what we would expect to occur in our world and universe by the year 2012. Though years have passed since the first publication of the book, the information in the book remains relevant to us today. Gregg labours to elaborate how it is possible to read the past in order to discover what the future holds for us in our world and universeRead MoreApush Terms Chapter 1 a People and a Nation Essay examples4705 Words   |  19 Pages probably moving as bands composed of extended families. The Mayas: Developed approximately two thousand years ago. On the Yucatan Peninsula, in today’s eastern Mexico, the Mayas built urban centers containing tall pyramids and temples. They studied astronomy and created and elaborate writing system. Their city-states, though, engaged in near-constant warfare with one another. Warfare and an inadequate food supply caused the collapse of the most powerful cities by 900 C.E., thus ending the classicRead MoreChapter 1 Apush Notes [Americas History]2669 Words   |  11 Pagestribal structures 6000 B.C.--- domesticated crops Planted beans, squash and maize-- kept soil fertile Agricultural growth led to: Population growth Economic foundation for wealthy urban societies The Mayas 700 B.C.-- Mesoamerican civ began among Olmec people Along Gulf of Mexico Mayas built urban centers that relied on complex systems of irrigation A.D. 300-- 20,000 people lived in Mayan city of Tikal Mostly farmers who built stone temples Elite class who claimed to be descended fromRead More The Struggle of EZNL In Modern Mexico Essay4460 Words   |  18 Pagesconquest, genocide, racism.†1 TIMELINE 2 1521 - Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City) falls to Hernan Cortes of Spain 1525 - Francisco Montejo and his Spanish troops complete their conquest of the Mayans 17th Century - Economy of ‘New Spain’ collapses. Spanish rulers by this time have robbed Mexico of its natural resources and created vast plantations for the export of goods such as wheat and sugar. The native population which stood at 12 million in 1520 is cut by disease

Compare and Contrast Marr and Nishihara’s and Biederman’s...

Option 2 Compare and contrast Marr and Nishihara’s and Biederman’s theories of object recognition. How well do they explain how we are able to recognize three dimensional objects despite changes in viewing angle? Humphreys and Bruce (1989) proposed a model of object recognition that fits a wider context of cognition. According to them, the recognition of objects occurs in a series of stages. First, sensory input is generated, leading to perceptual classification, where the information is compared with previously stored descriptions of objects. Then, the object is recognized and can be semantically classified and subsequently named. This approach is, however, over-simplified. Other theories like Marr and Nishihara’s and Biederman’s†¦show more content†¦This description is then matched against those stored in memory. According to Biedermann, geons are detected on the basis of non-accidental properties such as collinearity, symmetry and parallelism. Like Marr and Nishihara, Biedermann sustains that primitives are invariant under changes in viewpoint. Similarly, both theories are supported by research. Lawson and Humphreys (1996), for example, showed that recognition is affected more by tilt of major axis (foreshortening) than any other rotation, which endorses Marr’s and Nishihara prediction that establishing a central axis is crucial to the process of recognition. Warrington and Taylor (1978) reported that brain damaged patients could recognize objects presented in a typical view only. These patients found difficult to say if two photographs presented simultaneously were the same object when one image was a typical view and the other an unusual view. Although this could be explained as the patient’s inability to transform a 2D version of the atypical view into a 3D model, it could also be due to difficulty in establishing the central axis or due to some features of the object being hidden. In a later study, Humphreys and Riddoch (1984) used images where either the axis had been foreshortened through rotation or a c ritical feature was hidden. They found that patients had more problems recognizing the images with a foreshortened axis than the ones where a critical feature was hidden. Their

How Bangladesh is affected by flooding Free Essays

Flooding is a huge problem for the people in Bangladesh and the problems continue to have negative and positive effects on the people, property and land/environment. The negatives of flooding; There are many different types of floods that Bangladesh suffers from and these are; flash floods; where there is an extreme amount of rainfall effecting both upland areas and over time low land areas. This type of flood has a huge affect on property as it can wash it away completely destroying it and also flooding crops and killing them, this type of flooding will also deposit lots of sediment so the river bed will rise making the river easier to flood. We will write a custom essay sample on How Bangladesh is affected by flooding or any similar topic only for you Order Now River floods are where high amounts of rain and melted snow from the Himalayas completely flood the river and also the floodplain, the water can not be contained so flows over lands which is usually not protected, this again damages crops by flooding them and also ruining the land for future use as farm land. This type of flooding will also damage or even destroy property and in extreme cases entire settlements which in turn will also kill people if they do not evacuate quick enough. Rainwater floods are where there are again extreme amounts of rainfall and there is too much surface water and land is flooded. This can kill cattle, people and destroy farmland and crops which people need for their livelihoods. For example of crop destruction, in 1987 and 1988 rice production on a country scale was largely disrupted due to extreme floods. Even if engineering is successful and floods are controlled there is the negative effects that the country gets further into debt and a lot of the flood controls do not fit in with the natural environment so is an eye sore. Methods of flood control also effect farming in certain areas as they block irrigation of water so many farmers are complaining as they are not getting the water needed to grow crops for their livelihood. The worst effected areas of flooding are the coast as many people live here and this is where flooding is most extensive, many people are killed damage to property and farm land is huge so this disrupts the local economy. In the floods of 1991 flooding was that hard that waves were 7 metres high and this brought wind speeds of 225 km/h. people had to climb trees to evade the floods but over 150 000 people were drowned and 500 000 cattle were lost along with vast damage to settlements, electricity, roads and fishing. Deforestation is another big factor that is negative as this destroys trees that are vital for the world and also does not allow interception to occur so the snow melting from the Himalayas is coming directly to Bangladesh with nothing sopping it. As there is little knowledge and little communication available people can not prepare and are defenceless. With the vast amounts of chemicals and diseases in the Ganges, flooding just spreads this all around the country contaminating drinking water and brings huge problems that need huge amount of medical care so calls for the worlds charities to help. You can read also Waves There are very little positive effects of flooding as floods bring so much destruction. The positives though are; due to vast amounts of deposition the silt that is deposited is high in fertility so ‘repairs’ the soil so can be used in the future making it good for crops to grow in. also the vast amounts of water, when controlled can be irrigated for the crops rice and jute which require a large amount of water to grow. This in turn helps re – boost the local economy and gets the farmers back to their usual livelihood. Finally in cases of extreme flooding where the world is made aware, it can show the kindness of countries by the help they donate and the medical care made available to help restore the country to normal. Although there will always be social, economic, and humane problems with flooding the key is for the country to recover as quick as possible with the least effects and damage done to the country and its people. How to cite How Bangladesh is affected by flooding, Papers

Information Resources Management

Question: Provide an overview of how your selected company uses these information resources to build their marketing decision support systems and customer relationship management (CRM) environment. Answer: Domestic and International presence of Kelloggs Company Kelloggs Company is a huge public company selling wide array of cereal, frozen foods, snacks and particularly famous for its product Kelloggs cornflakes. The company operates in more than 180 countries across the globe. In May 2012, the brand grew larger with their acquisition of principle business from Procter and Gamble. While in September, the Kelloggs company expand their global footprint by the announcement of their joint venture with Wilmar International Ltd at China (Che, 2014). The acquisition of Kelloggs with the Russian company United Bakery significantly boosted the companys presence in Eastern Europe. In addition, Kelloggs has also entered small-acquisition with Shandong Navigable food company Ltd at China to serve its purpose to broaden its consumer base in the emerging market.The key acquisition of kelloggs in the domestic market in US include IndyBake products LLC, Brownie products company, Cookie Co. Mothers Cake, Bear Naked Inc takes place over a period of 2006-2010 has significantly increased the companys presence in the domestic market. Companys vision and execution of strategy The vision of Kelloggs company is to delight and enrich the world through its food and development of brand image on this legacy. The company aims to nourish families and children so that they can thrive and lead a healthy life. Kellogg Company significantly focus on developing products that are grain-based and compact of essential nutrients (Gaviria, 2012). The healthy initiatives by Kelloggs are an effective strategy that intensify its brand image and encourage customers buy their products. The execution of strategy by Kelloggs is done through its corporate social responsibility and development of business in a responsible manner that is sensitive to all the needs of its consumers (Bakir, 2014). Moreover, the company implement Blue Ocean strategy and its execution considers the following: Product innovation to develop and capture new demand and target market Target distinctive market segment i.e. focus on health conscious consumers Emphasize on constant increase in market share through acquisition with small and large size companies. Kelloggs plan to growth and service to its customers Kelloggs record the data of past purchase by their existing customers and contact new customers to gain information about their purchase behaviour and consumer preferences. Based on this information, Kelloggs deliver customized products and services to fit the specific needs of consumers (Navickaite, 2011). For instance, the introduction of Kelloggs special K benefits the diet needs of consumers, grain-based cereals and breakfast food for customers who are health concern. Kelloggs mainly implements three strategies for its growth. They are: Target the existing customers and encourage them to increase their spending and purchase on the brand. By utilizing the information of customer purchase behaviour, Kelloggs develop wide arrays of products that would fit the needs of their existing customers which in turn increase their purchase Target the customers of competitors and persuade them to switch brand. Kelloggs implement differentiation strategy and cost leadership in order to attain large group of target customers specially the competitors customers ( Kelloggs cornflakes and other cereals gives competitive advantage to the company which no other industry rivals can imitate. Kelloggs develop cost leadership by offering unique price rates for its quality products much less than the cost offered by its competitors Encourage the non-category users to consume the category product and select their brand ( Kelloggs influence purchase behaviour of non-category consumers to choose their product through healthy initiatives and awareness programs of Kelloggs benefits. Information sources of Kelloggs company With the focus to meet the global needs of customers, Kelloggs rely on wide range of its suppliers, contractors, manufacturers, consultants, distributors, partners of joint ventures and agents. Kelloggs forms collaborative business with the aforementioned stakeholders to gain insight and information about the industry. The growth and corporate responsibility of Kelloggs are not mutually exclusive (Jackson et al.2015). Hence, Kelloggs derive information from the company researchers and Kelloggs business analyst and subsequently meet the aspects of corporate responsibility. The CRM by Kellogg consider nutrition of consumers, diversity in workplace, employee welfare, environmental performance and sustainable agriculture. With the changing demographics of customer base and workforce diversity that acts as an key information resource to understand and meet the needs of customers. Market research and competitor analysis help the firm to discover and identify consumer needs and wide array of issues such as, their views on company products, packaging, and prices, recent advertising campaigns (Supriya et al. 2014). This helps the organization to make their marketing decisions. Market segment of Kelloggs Kelloggs company mainly target the health conscious people ranging from women who are employed or homemakers, mainly between the age 25-50. Kelloggs special K is aimed at women who are constantly trying to lose their weight, since according to the market research 23.5% of women diet regularly as compared to 12.9% of men (Jones, 2011). With the increasing popularity and demand of health food, Kelloggs cornflakes grab the interest of majority population in Europe and Asia-Pacific. Kelloggs cornflakes is targeted as the healthy breakfast cereal for children, young teenagers, middle age population and aged people as well. According to the recent statistics, the level of obesity level at UK is found to be 31.3% at women and men are less prone to obesity ( 24.8%). Hence, the Kelloggs special K is highly favoured in UK which enable the brand to expand its customer base. In addition, with the current growth rate, the cereal market in UK is anticipated to thrive in future (Morrisette Hatfield, 2014). This statistics support immense market potential for Kelloggs and encourage its vast segmentation with products like Kelloggs all-Bran and own label Kelloggs Brand flakes (22% of the market segment), Kelloggs fruit and Fibre(11%), Kelloggs Special K (34%), Kelloggs cornflakes (61%), Kelloggs rice crispies and Coco Pops. Integrated market communication of Kelloggs Ready-to-eat cereal is the largest category of packaged food marketed directly towards the children. Kelloggs consistently position Nutri-gain as the energy food for boys particularly focuses on them who wants to grow as successful athletes (Fernandes, 2013). The integrated market communication by Kelloggs focus to build a strong association between Nutri-Grain cereal and success in sport let the boys to perceive Nutri-Grain as their essential daily diet to a point that goes beyond the dietary recommendations. Integrated marketing communications refers to Kelloggs advertising that represents the cereal as an indispensable part of a competitive and successful preparation of athletes that enhance their perceptions (Jones, 2011). Hence, Nutri-gain is a significant product that may be perceived as an important stimulant to achieve success in sports and success which in turn enhance the appeal of cereal to male teens. The campaign of Kelloggs cornflakes and Kelloggs special K are addressed to mothers and son and analogous to support health with Nutritional energy food (Malhotra, 2014). Integrated marketing communication focus on emotional appeal and target the potential anxieties of parents who desire to give best nutrition to their children. Promotion mix of Kelloggs Kelloggs promote its product through advertising and attractive packaging. The company make use of bright package in order to distinguish its products from its rivals in the industry. Kelloggs design its package to appeal both the children and adult. Advertisement is the key mesium of promoting its product. Television is the main medium for advertising (Rhoads Conwell, 2014). The companys promotional campaigns, like Drop a jeans size challenge increase its sales extensively that encourage consumers to have a bowl of cereal in their breakfast in lose weight. Kelloggs encourage its customers to provide feedback through the printed phone number on every wrapper of product (Che, 2014). This is also a strategy of promotion that enhances brand value. Kelloggs being a leading cereal brand makes use of online discussion forums and chat rooms where consumers can attain pre-purchase knowledge and also can share their post-purchase feedback. Online forums helps to spread electronic word of mouth thus targeting a large group of customers across the globe (Gaviria, 2012). However, E-WOM has negative effects as well. A negative feedback about the product or brand from the dissatisfied customers can spread negative word of mouth which in turn will affect its overall sales. Communication model and promotion issues The interlink between communication model by Kelloggs and its promotion issues are considered in details below: Mass advertisement- Through Television, Crackle and Pop, Cocoa the monkey and Snap. Kelloggs spent approximately $15 million for media campaigns however, the agency cannot attain a large group of target market who spend majority of their time in internet. Direct promotions through coupons is an effective strategy however, it allows promotion only to visiting customers and not to the outside world (Diaz-Montano et al. 2014). Trade Promotions by in-store displays and samples offers in accurate information and lack in timely convey. This communication process is in able to plan promotions based on analytics. Personal selling- It induces high cost and incur problem of finding and retaining people potential customers. The most significant issue of this communication model is the inconsistency in message (Bakir, 2014). Sales person find themselves as independent from organizations and hence design their own message strategies and sales technique thus leading to disparity in sales. Role of marketing managers in promotion Identify and select the target market and decide on specific marketing strategies based on market area. Managers maximize the effectiveness of promotional strategy by significant utilization of company resources, values and policies of management, potential risk and return, etc ( Identify, develop and evaluate the marketing strategies based on characteristics of market, cost and mark up factors. Examine the financial aspects of promotional strategy such as budget of advertisement mediums , expenditures, return on investment and projections of profit and loss. The execution of marketing or promotion plan is monitored and coordinated by the marketing manager ( Moreover, control of marketing plan execution is done in three steps, I) measurement of the outcome of executed marketing plan, II) comparison of results between pre-stated objectives in the marketing plan, III) adjustment and modifications are made in marketing plan if the objectives are not achieved. Key concept of advertisement Advertisement- it is the delivery of persuasive product message to the right people (target market), at the right time and at the right place at the lowest possible cost (McNeill, 2013). Advertising is the main component of marketing management and promoted through newspapers, Magazine, banners, direct mail, Television, Internet, etc. Sales promotion- This promotion strategy adopt short-term and non-recurring methods to boost up the sales in various ways. Sales promotion offers are not available throughout the years rather counts on festive seasons, year ending and seasonal opportunities (Jackson et al. 2015).Tools of sales promotion are exchange offer, free samples, discount coupons, scratch and win offer, money back offer, etc. Public Relation- It is a significant management function that helps to establish and maintain mutual mode of communication, cooperation, understanding and acceptance between an organization and its public (Supriya et al. 2014). Tools of public relation is Propaganda, Lobbying, Campaign, etc. Reference List Che, D. (2014). What happened to Tony the Tiger?: The rise and fall of Kellogg's Cereal City USA. Gaviria, D. (2012). Fueling Better DaysRefreshing Kelloggs 106 Year Old Brand. Diaz-Montano, J., Campbell, J. F., Phillips, T. W., Throne, J. E. (2014). Evaluation of potential attractants for Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae).Journal of economic entomology,107(2), 867-874. Bakir, B. (2014). Kellogg's" To Go" Breakfast-Shake at the Danish Market. Navickaite, I. (2011).Psychological contract in the context of the wider organisational system. Challenges and opportunities in Kellog's company(Doctoral dissertation, Dublin, National College of Ireland). Trehan, K., Singh, G. K. (2013). Deceptive Practices in Indian Advertising: A Content Analysis of Print and Television Advertisements Violating the Guidelines of Advertising Standard Council of India.International Journal of Business Ethics in Developing Economies,2(1), 30. McNeill, L. (2013). Sales promotion in Asia: successful strategies for Singapore and Malaysia.Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics,25(1), 48-69. Jackson, M., Harrison, P., Swinburn, B., Lawrence, M. (2015). 17. Marketing ethics in context: the promotion of unhealthy foods and beverages to children.Handbook on Ethics and Marketing, 354. Supriya, N., Vasudha, T. J., Yadav, P. J. (2014). Social Networking-An Influencer of Brand Promotion.International Journal of Innovative Research and Development,3(12). Jones, E. (2011). An empirical estimation of price sensitivity differences among inner-city and suburban consumers: A look at breakfast cereals.Journal of Innovative Marketing,7(4), 71-92. Morrisette, S., Hatfield, L. (2014). Batter Blaster.Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies,20(3), 25. Fernandes, S. (2013). A Case Study Approach On Indian Companies And Global Companies Entry In Foreign MarketsAn Analysis Of Glocalization Strategies.Journal Of Business Management Social Sciences Research,2(1), 30-39. Jones, E. (2011). Measuring Price Sensitivity Differences for Inner-City and Suburban Consumers: An Analysis of Breakfast Cereals with Supermarket Scanner Data. In2011 Annual Meeting, July 24-26, 2011, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania(No. 103892). Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. Malhotra, S. (2014). A Study on Marketing Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG).International Journal of Innovative Research and Development,3(1). Rhoads, G. B., Conwell, W. Y. (2014).U.S. Patent Application 14/152,925.

The True Story Of A Black Youths Essays - Mark Mathabane

The True Story of a Black Youth's Coming of Age in Apartheid South Africa Mark Mathabane I. Main Characters A. Johannes (Mark) Mathabane--Kaffir Boy revolves around Johannes for the simple reason that he is the author of this book. Growing up in Johannesburg, South Africa was especially hard for Johannes. Johannes is very smart and graduated at the top of his class during his 13 years of schooling in apartheid South Africa. Johannes has had a lot of courage and perseverance throughout his life. B. Jackson Mathabane--Johannes's father came from what is now the so-called independent homeland of the Vendas in the northwestern corner of the Transvaal. Johannes's father tried desperately to support his family, but in times of dire need, he backed away and depended on alcohol and abusive behaviors. Johannes's parents met and married in Alexandra on March 21, 1960. C. Mother--Johannes's mother came from Gazankulu, the tribal reserve for the Tsongas in the Northeastern Transvaal. She is a very loving and devoted woman. D. Johannes's siblings--Johannes has five sisters and one brother. His sisters names are Florah, Linah, Maria, Merriam, and Linah. George was his only brother. E. Ellen Mabaso--Ellen was the mother of Johannes's mother. She was a humble woman who bore four children: Uncle Piet, Aunt Bush, Uncle Cheeks, and Johannes's mother. she had a statuesque figure--tall, limber, and ebony colored complete with tribal attire and multiple anklets, beads, earrings and bracelets. She could easily been a chief's daughter. Her friendly, brown eyes had the radiance of pristine pearls. She was the most beautiful woman Johannes had ever seen. She worked six days a week, from seven to five, mowing lawns, raking leaves, clipping hedges, watering plants, sweeping driveways, cleaning yards and pruning trees for white people. F. Mr. Brown--Mr. Brown was one of the few people in the yard where the Mathabane's lived with the equivalent of a high-school education. He was a bus driver for PUTCO, but he also operated a moving service that transported people and goods between Alexandra and the tribal reserve of the Vendas. G. Mrs. Smith--Mrs. Smith was Granny's employer. She was a short, slender woman with silver hair and slightly drooping shoulders. Granny was the Smith's gardener. H. Clyde Smith--Clyde is the son of the woman who Granny works for. He is a young boy who is somewhat of a snob. As he grows, he learns to like Johannes and they become friends. I. Scaramouche--Scaramouche was a self-employed painter. He was also one of the best tennis players among people of color in Johannesburg. An excellent coach, he was well connected in white and black tennis circles. He agreed to be Johannes' coach. Scaramouche turned out to not only be a great coach but a confidant and a surrogate father. He was firm and demanding but not authoritative and stifling. Instead of teaching Johannes his style of play, he let Johannes acquire his own way. J. Tom--In June of 1972, Johannes met Tom. He is a lanky Zulu tennis player. He was very harmless-looking K. Wilfred Horn--Wilfred married to Norma. He respects black people and owns a tennis ranch in Halfway House called Barretts. He was a German immigrant. L. Arthur Ashe--Arthur Ashe was a Negro tennis player that Johannes admired very much. he condemned apartheid and did not pretend he was a white man erroneously painted black. Arthur always appeared calm, cool, and collected, even when he was surrounded in a sea of white faces. M. David--David was the number two singles player on the tennis team. He was soft-spoken, politically sensitive, and a brilliant Zulu student whose love for the English language exhaled Johannes's. Johannes and David frequently exchanged books, did English homework together, read prose and poetry together, trained together, and sat on the same seat during tennis trips. David was the first close friend Johannes ever had. The only difference between David and Johannes was that David was a womanizer. N. Helmut--Helmut was a short, brown-haired bespectacled white man with a barrel chest. He was always dressed in flashy clothing. He came from a small town in Germany and was working for a German company in South Africa only a few months before he met Johannes. He turned out to be a horrible tennis player, but good practice

Pre-Ap U.S. American History Paper (Revisionism) essays

Pre-Ap U.S. American History Paper (Revisionism) essays What is revisionism? I see it as the way the dominant society ruled. The way things are ruled depends on the morals of those in the dominant place. Though the native Americans were the first to live here, their overall peaceful traditional way of life has almost vanished completely. It has morphed into the European culture. This European culture now regulates 99% of American land. Therefore when Im talking about American revisionism it will be mostly through the European culture. The view of the earliest Europeans who came to America was full of apathy of anything the king and queen of their country didnt particularly care for. The rulers of the conquesting countries demanded gold or anything else of great value to be discovered by their feeble, poverty stricken minions (sailors and exploration soldiers). The minority group who were rich or well off( I.E Christopher Columbus) desired not to defy their leaders for the fear of losing his comfortable lifestyle or maybe even his life.. There have been claims that their faith was strong. Evidently due to the actions of the majority of the soldiers this isnt true. Thou shall not kill yet they very much killed any native that wasnt to their liking. Thou shall not commit adultery, yet many of them raped. And when they were tired of their sex toys these poor people were exterminated. The Christian God also says to love thy neighbor (love your fellow human beings) and that all men (and women) are created in the image of him (God). This was blatantly disregarded considering that the early explorers cared about how the natives felt as they cared about how the grass feeling when walked on. The natives across the lands had mixed thoughts that seemed to unfortunately tie together to ignorance. Not knowing such an overbearing conflicting culture, one that will plow up the ground, pull down the trees, kill everything...( Wintu Woman, 19 century) they ...

12 Imaginary Places

12 Imaginary Places 12 Imaginary Places 12 Imaginary Places By Mark Nichol Religion, legends, and literature alike are replete with various conceptions of ethereal or terrestrial paradises or places with romantic flair. Here are a dozen examples of ideal locales, including their names, their origins, and their definitions. 1. Arcadia (the Greek region of Arcadia): an idealized, unattainable pastoral state, bereft of civilization 2. Atlantis (allegorical legend recounted by Plato): an island with a complex, advanced civilization that was submerged in a cataclysmic disaster in preclassical times) 3. Camelot (European legends and folklore): the seat of the court of King Arthur, renowned for its splendor 4. Cockaigne (European medieval legend): a place of idleness and luxury 5. El Dorado or Eldorado (Spanish legend): the name given to a Native American chieftain and, by extension, to the prosperous city and surrounding empire he supposedly ruled; later, a metaphor for happiness or personal fulfillment 6. Erewhon (Samuel Butler’s satirical novel Erewhon): a seemingly utopian society with the same flaws as actual civilization 7. Faerie (European fairy tales and folktales): the magical realm of fairies and other legendary beings 8. Neverland or the Neverlands or Never Never Land (J. M. Barrie’s stage play Peter Pan and his novelization Peter and Wendy): an idyllic land serving as a metaphor for escapism and perpetual childhood 9. Shambhala (Buddhist tradition): a mythical hidden kingdom in Central Asia adopted as an ideal state by believers in mysticism 10. Shangri-La (James Hilton’s romantic novel Lost Horizon): an idealized paradise in a hidden valley in Asia 11. Utopia (Sir Thomas More’s allegorical novel Utopia): an island with a harmonious sociopolitical system; in uncapitalized form, any idealized society 12. Xanadu (Chinese history): a city in what is now Inner Mongolia, the historical summer palace of Kublai Khan, but also, inspired by Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s poem Kubla Khan, an idealized place of luxurious splendor Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing Prompts 101Capitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and MovementsThrew and Through